Virginia Topographic Description - Thomas Hutchins 1787

Description

A Topographical Description of
Virginia
,
Pennsylvania
,
Maryland
, and
North Carolina
Containing a succinct account of its soil, climate, natural history,
population, agriculture, manners, and customs : with an ample description
of the several divisions into which that country is partitioned
1904 reprint edition,
edited By Frederick Charles Hicks
(original 1778 edition by Thomas Hutchins)
143 pages, illustrated with maps, indexed, searchable
- Bonus -
Also includes scanned pages of the 1787 edition.
- Bonus #2 -
Topographical Description of
North America
By Gilbert Imlay, 1797
653 pages, searchable
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Digital
CD
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Autoboot CD for Easy PC Access; Manually Open Files on MAC
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This reprint of a rare and valuable book will be welcomed by all students of the formative period of the
United States
and the work of the only man
who filled the office of civil "geographer of the
United States
" should be of interest to every student of geography.
Mr Hicks supplements the reprint by valuable notes, and contributes an excellent biographical sketch of Hutchins with a list of his works. He was
not merely an American by birth, but in his sympathies and activities, resigning his commission in the British army to serve his country during the Revolutionary
War. To
Hutchins
is probably due the system of land platting used by our General Laud Office. He also exercised a potent influence on colonization through his extensive travels, road surveys, and land tracts.
During his services as geographer, as one of the commissioners to run the boundary line between
Pennsylvania
and
Virginia
, and also between
New York
and
Massachusetts
, and in establishing the system of surveying public lands,
Hutchins
displayed conspicuous scientific ability. Prof. Hicks says that '' his geographical works formed the basis for the famous American geography of Jedidah Morse," and adds that " as a pioneer, soldier, patriot, surveyor, literateur. and scientist,
we find him to have been ... a man who justly is entitled to a place among the great American civilizers." A. W. G.
Thomas Hutchins was an American surveyor, mapmaker and the first "geographer of the
United States
."
Hutchins was born in the colony of
New Jersey
in 1730. Prior to the American Revolution, Hutchins served in the British army and participated in the French and Indian War. During the Revolution, Hutchins served in the British Army. In 1779, the British government charged him with treason, prompting Hutchins to resign his commission in 1780. On July 11, 1781, Congress appointed him as "geographer of the
United States
."
After the American Revolution, Hutchins continued as a geographer, surveying and making maps of the western frontier. Hutchins was given the job of plotting the land set aside for the
Northwest Territory
as a result of
the Land Ordinance of 1785. He and his men laid out four of the
Seven
Ranges
, which organized early settlement of the territory. Hutchins died of illness on April 18, 1789, before he could complete the survey of the final ranges. Hutchins had previously visited and mapped portions of what is now
Ohio
, when he participated in Bouquet's Expedition in 1764.
Hutchins's survey work in the Northwest Territory illustrates the difficult conditions that existed in
Ohio
in the years following the American Revolution. The geographer's first expedition to the region was cut short by the threat of Indian attacks, and the second expedition only began its work once it received military protection. In particular, the Shawnee Indians posed a serious danger, as they were upset about white encroachment on their lands. The Wyandot Indians and Delaware Indians also refused to guarantee Hutchins's safety.
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